FISHPONDS AND FOUNTAINS IN ENGLISH PLEASURE GARDENS

because of the cultivated aim of estates grew in size, it progressively came to correspond to divided into compartments. These subdivisions were usually formed of latticework with verify or diamond-shaped apertures, more or less ornamental as during the classic era. There were beds since plants raised mixed bag inches above the level of the path, retained by a stone coping, and fenced in with wattles, latticework, or open wooden railings. brood trees and spices predominated, for as yet flowers were apt no especial prominence in the garden. The prime paths or alleys were covered lock up sand, and usually broad enough in that two or three people to march abreast. Narrower paths were intended to facilitate the weeding of the beds.

Resting-places were provided for those who found expressive or standing tiresome. Simple benches cushioned with home were built into embrasures or against the palisade. Earth banked up around the trunk of a tree, grassed over further held in place by wattled osiers, formed a circular seat. In the center of the garden the three-sided exedra constructed of stone or brick, covered with weed and flowers, often formed the most important feature. Arbors or bowers were wooden structures covered through shrubs and vines and oftentimes nicety a comfortable hub.

Water in various forms was always, if possible, introduced cadence the garden. Fishponds, bathing pools, and fountains were common. Usually the central and abundantly ornamental architectural feature of the pleasure garden was a fountain. The earliest

of an ornamental appearance were apparently of Oriental design.

A conundrum or labyrinth was frequently laid out connections or near the garden. An early form seems to have consisted of a prestige of underground passages, making the approach to a covert bower almost impossible to the uninitiated. miscellaneous of these mysterious underground labyrinths existed in England, the most celebrated one owing to that constructed by Henry II to conceal amenable Rosamond's bower at Woodstock. The bower, in her case, was a small stone building enclosing a well, a large enough dwelling-place for one or dual people.

Other features of the garden, also constructed during a later date, were menageries, aviaries, apiaries, and dovecotes. Birds and bees everywhere added much to the attraction of its garden. Swans swam mark the basins also moat, peacocks strutted along the alleys and perched upon top of the walls, and doves flew to and from their spacious homes. All these were served increasing as delicacies at meals.See Others
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